STM8L使用ADC内部参考电压通道测量VDD电压

文章出处：单片机责任编辑：上海现易电子元器件有限公司发表时间：2020-11-10

STM8L内部含有一个12位的ADC，拥有25个输入通道，包括一个内部温度传感器，一个内部参考电压

由上图可知，STM8L内部还有一个内部参考电压，这个内部参考电压的电压值是可知的，且是精确的。由数据手册可知，内部参考电压为1.225V。

ADC选择内部参考电压作为测量通道，可以测量到内部电压的转化值Nadc。此时，已经VDD的转化值4096，VREFINT电压值1.225V及对应的转化值Nadc。这些值满足比例关系：
VDD/4096=VREFINT/Nadc
VDD/4096 =1.225/Nadc
VDD=1.225*4096/Nadc

    STM8L15x系列单片机的相关库函数配置过程如下：
This section provides functions allowing to enable/ disable the internal connections between the ADC and the Temperature Sensor and the Vrefint source.
A typical configuration to get the Temperature sensor or/and Vrefint channels voltages is done following these steps :
    1. Enable the internal connection of Temperature sensor or/and Vrefint sources with the ADC channels:
      - for the Temperature sensor usingADC_TempSensorCmd() function.
      - for the Internal Voltage reference usingADC_VrefintCmd() function.
   2. Enable the ADC_Channel_TempSensor and/orADC_Channel_Vrefint channels usingADC_ChannelCmd()function.
   3. Get the voltage values, usingADC_GetConversionValue().

（1）使能或失能内部参考电压ADC_VrefintCmd()

* @brief Enables or disables the Internal Voltage reference.

* @param NewState : new state of the Internal Voltage reference.

* This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.

* @retval None

void ADC_VrefintCmd(FunctionalState NewState)；

参数：ENABLE（使能）或DISABLE（失能）

（2）选择内部参考电压通道ADC_ChannelCmd()

* @brief Enables or disables the selected ADC channel(s).
* @param ADCx where x can be 1 to select the specified ADC peripheral.
* @param ADC_Channels: specifies the ADC channels to be initialized
This parameter can be one of the following values:

@arg ADC_Channel_0: Channel 0
@arg ADC_Channel_1: Channel 1
@arg ADC_Channel_2: Channel 2
@arg ADC_Channel_3: Channel 3
@arg ADC_Channel_4: Channel 4
@arg ADC_Channel_5: Channel 5
@arg ADC_Channel_6: Channel 6
@arg ADC_Channel_7: Channel 7
@arg ADC_Channel_8: Channel 8
@arg ADC_Channel_9: Channel 9
@arg ADC_Channel_10: Channel 10
@arg ADC_Channel_11: Channel 11
@arg ADC_Channel_12: Channel 12
@arg ADC_Channel_13: Channel 13
@arg ADC_Channel_14: Channel 14
@arg ADC_Channel_15: Channel 15
@arg ADC_Channel_16: Channel 16
@arg ADC_Channel_17: Channel 17
@arg ADC_Channel_18: Channel 18
@arg ADC_Channel_19: Channel 19
@arg ADC_Channel_20: Channel 20
@arg ADC_Channel_21: Channel 21
@arg ADC_Channel_22: Channel 22
@arg ADC_Channel_23: Channel 23
@arg ADC_Channel_24: Channel 24
@arg ADC_Channel_25: Channel 25
@arg ADC_Channel_26: Channel 26
@arg ADC_Channel_27: Channel 27
@arg ADC_Channel_Vrefint: Vrefint Channel
@arg ADC_Channel_TempSensor: Temperature sensor Channel
@arg ADC_Channel_00To07: select from channel00 to channel07
@arg ADC_Channel_08To15: select from channel08 to channel15
@arg ADC_Channel_16To23: select from channel16 to channel23
@arg ADC_Channel_24To27: select from channel24 to channel27
@param NewState : new state of the specified ADC channel(s).
This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.

void ADC_ChannelCmd(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, ADC_Channel_TypeDef ADC_Channels, FunctionalState NewState)；

（3）获得转换数值ADC_GetConversionValue()
u16 u16_adc1_value;
u16_adc1_value = ADC1_GetConversionValue();

程序：

adc.h头文件：
#ifndef _adc_H
#define _adc_H
#include "stm8l15x.h"
void Adc_Init(void);
#endif

adc.c源文件：
#include "adc.h"
void Adc_Init(void)
{
CLK_PeripheralClockConfig(CLK_Peripheral_ADC1,ENABLE);//开启ADC1时钟

ADC_VrefintCmd(ENABLE); //使能内部参考电压
ADC_Init(ADC1,ADC_ConversionMode_Continuous,ADC_Resolution_12Bit,ADC_Prescaler_1);//连续转换，12位，转换时钟1分频

ADC_ChannelCmd(ADC1,ADC_Channel_Vrefint,ENABLE);//使能内部参考电压通道
ADC_Cmd(ADC1,ENABLE);//ADC使能
}

主函数：

#include "stm8l15x.h"
#include "adc.h"
int main( void )

{
u16 adc1_value=0;
float value=0;
Adc_Init();
while(1)
{
ADC_SoftwareStartConv(ADC1); //开启软件转换
while(!ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1,ADC_FLAG_EOC));//等待转换结束
ADC_ClearFlag(ADC1,ADC_FLAG_EOC);//清除对应标志
adc1_value=ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1); //获取转换值
value=1.225*4096/adc1_value; //获得VDD电压，单位V
if(value<2.8)
{
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOD,GPIO_Pin_4);
GPIO_ToggleBits(GPIOD,GPIO_Pin_5);
}
}
}